From johncossham at tiscali.co.uk  Tue Jul  1 06:09:43 2008
From: johncossham at tiscali.co.uk (john cossham)
Date: Tue, 1 Jul 2008 12:09:43 +0100
Subject: [USCC] Calculating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Composting
References: <48659775.2000900@bouldercompost.com>
Message-ID: <009a01c8db6a$f7747540$0200a8c0@Johnsthingy>

I do not have an answer to this, but it should be noted that material 
decomposing aerobically will only release the CO2 it took in as a plant, or 
the C it took in from it's food, if it's animal material in the composting 
process.  However, if the material decomposes anaerobically, ie it gets 
waterlogged or remains unturned and the O2 in some parts of the pile gets 
used up, this pathway will result in methane (CH4) being released which has 
a global warming activity some 22 times greater than CO2.
Some studies have found that ordinary home composting systems do release 
some methane as they have pockets of low O2 activity, so these issues will 
have to be taken into consideration when calculating the CO2 emissions or 
the CO2 equivalent emissions...
Complicated but interesting!
John in York, UK

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Eric Simenson" <eric at bouldercompost.com>
To: <compost at mailman.cloudnet.com>
Sent: Saturday, June 28, 2008 2:44 AM
Subject: [USCC] Calculating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Composting


>  Does anyone have an equation to calculate how much carbon dioxide is 
> released during composting?  I realize it depends on many factors, so 
> ballpark numbers are just fine.
>
> Thanks everyone,
> Eric Simenson
>
> Boulder Compost Co.
> 720-837-3286
> www.bouldercompost.com
>
> 


From alexassoc at earthlink.net  Wed Jul  2 07:47:33 2008
From: alexassoc at earthlink.net (alexassoc@earthlink.net)
Date: Wed, 2 Jul 2008 08:47:33 -0400
Subject: [USCC] De-packaging
Message-ID: <000301c8dc41$cc239c90$646ad5b0$@net>

Hello compost World,

Has anyone heard of a new de-packaging plant/equipment suited for removing
food waste from packaging - as a pre-cursor to composting or AD?

Thanks,
Ron


Ron Alexander
R. Alexander Associates, Inc.
1212 Eastham Drive
Apex, NC 27502
USA
919-367-8350
919-367-8351 fax
alexassoc at earthlink.net
www.alexassoc.net 



From sreil at safelawns.net  Tue Jul  1 12:39:42 2008
From: sreil at safelawns.net (Scott Reil)
Date: Tue, 1 Jul 2008 13:39:42 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Tire chips
In-Reply-To: <OFEF6E27E4.DBBB33E9-ON85257478.00680114-85257478.006A304A@casella.com>
References: <484834B2.3070503@compostlab.com>
	<OFEF6E27E4.DBBB33E9-ON85257478.00680114-85257478.006A304A@casella.com>
Message-ID: <001e01c8dba1$71d03ff0$5570bfd0$@net>

I've heard nothing good on rubber breaking down and plenty of bad news...

http://www.puyallup.wsu.edu/~Linda%20Chalker-Scott/Horticultural%20Myths_fil
es/Myths/Rubber%20mulch.pdf

Chemicals from the vulcanization process can include:

Sulfur - cross-linking agent
Zinc Oxide - activator
Zinc Dibutyldithiocarbamate - accelerator
Zinc Diethyldithiocarbamate - accelerator
Zinc Mercaptobenzothiazole - accelerator
Titanium Dioxide - whitening pigment
Calcium Carbonate - anti-tack agent
Calcium Nitrate - coagulant
Corn Starch - donning agent
Potassium Hydroxide - pH stabilizer
Anti-oxidants, anti-foaming agents, anti-webbing agents, surfactants, color
pigments, flavoring compounds, fragrance
and other additives used are mixtures of compounds that are proprietary
knowledge and rights of the various brand
owners and may not be disclosed here.

I find the inclusion of carbamates to be particularly notable as they are
getting as lot of bad press as pesticides (nerve agents). As noted in the
above article, as much as 2% of the tire mass can be zinc, a lot higher than
the 4-6 ppm we like to see in soils...not a good idea from where I sit AT
ALL...


Scott Reil
Safe Lawns and Landscapes LLC
70 Highland Park Drive
Bloomfield CT 06002
860-243-8733



-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of John P Kelly
Sent: Monday, June 30, 2008 3:20 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Subject: [USCC] Tire chips

Composters:

I am interested in hearing from composters who have experience with tire
chips as an alternative bulking agent.

John Kelly
New England Organics
Director of Product Sales
135 Presumpscot Street, Unit 1
Portland, ME  04103
1-877-4-COMPOST
207-347-3605
207-781-5794 fax
207-650-5010 cell
www.earthlifegrows.com




From David.Goldstein at ventura.org  Tue Jul  1 16:15:46 2008
From: David.Goldstein at ventura.org (David Goldstein)
Date: Tue, 01 Jul 2008 14:15:46 -0700
Subject: [USCC] Calculating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Composting
In-Reply-To: <005701c8dac7$45983850$d0c8a8f0$@org>
References: <48659775.2000900@bouldercompost.com>
	<005701c8dac7$45983850$d0c8a8f0$@org>
Message-ID: <486A3C11.BDA4.0045.0@ventura.org>

Cary,

Compost advocates may want to avoid "counting" carbon emissions from decomposition, but that omission does not seem fair. We should judge the climate change impact of composting in comparison to its alternatives. 

Composting has fewer emissions than mass-burn incineration and may have lower emissions than incineration with energy recovery, unless, perhaps, the energy generated displaces coal-fired power. However, composting may, in some cases, have more carbon emissions than landfilling. In some cases, landfilling can "safely" sequester carbon. Of course, in other cases (such as landfilling food waste, grass, and other organics with high nitrogen, rather than woody material high in carbon), landfilling may result in more climate change gasses. Landfilling, instead of composting, items high in nitrogen can generate more methane than would be captured by methane recovery systems in some landfills, and the climate change effect of methane is over 20 times worse than carbon emissions.

Regards,
D.G.

>>> "Cary Oshins" <cary at compostingcouncil.org> 06/30/2008 8:37 AM >>>
Eric, if the reason for your question stems from concerns over climate
change and your carbon footprint, you have to understand that the CO2
released during composting has two sources--the decomposition of the
compostable material and the equipment used to move and process the
material.  The CO2 from decomposition is part of the "short-term carbon
cycle", that is, it was captured from the air during photosynthesis and goes
back into the air during decomposition, so does not "count" from a carbon
footprint perspective.  However, the diesel fuel and other energy used and
exhausts emitted do count, and will completely depend on the equipment you
use and the scale of operation, so any ball park estimate would be
meaningless.
There will be several new factsheets on composting and global warming on our
new website, due to launch in the very near future.  Watch for it!
Take care,
Cary


____________________________________
Cary Oshins
Assistant Director of Programs
US Composting Council
1010 North 13th St.
Allentown, PA 18102
phone: 484-547-1521
fax: 484-274-6779
cary at compostingcouncil.org 
USCC Main Office:
1 Comac Loop, Suite 14B1
Ronkonkoma, NY 11779
phone: 631-737-4931
fax: 631-737-4939
 
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show,
January 26-29, 2009 at the Westin Galleria, Houston, TX
Register at www.compostingcouncil.org 
Help support your industry. Become a member today!!!


-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com 
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of Eric Simenson
Sent: Friday, June 27, 2008 9:44 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com 
Subject: [USCC] Calculating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Composting

  Does anyone have an equation to calculate how much carbon dioxide is 
released during composting?  I realize it depends on many factors, so 
ballpark numbers are just fine.

Thanks everyone,
Eric Simenson

Boulder Compost Co.
720-837-3286
www.bouldercompost.com 
_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of
the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and
Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website:
www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
____________________________________________________________________________
__
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com 
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost 
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or
the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website
at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm 

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their
posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and information
regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other options, go to:
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost 

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a
message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org 



_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website: www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
______________________________________________________________________________
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com 
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost 
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm 

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and information regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other options, go to: http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost 

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org 



From david_schellinger at bresnan.net  Tue Jul  1 20:39:45 2008
From: david_schellinger at bresnan.net (David Schellinger)
Date: Tue, 1 Jul 2008 19:39:45 -0600
Subject: [USCC] Calculating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Composting
In-Reply-To: <48659775.2000900@bouldercompost.com>
References: <48659775.2000900@bouldercompost.com>
Message-ID: <001101c8dbe4$825034a0$6c589045@alternat310f97>

Eric,
People tend to sensationalize the extent of the carbon lost during
composting, and the fact remains that whether composted and applied to
soils, applied directly to soils, or burned for energy, carbon emissions in
various forms from organic matter will probably be similar.      

Typically, organic carbon only constitutes 15% - 46% of the total mass of
organic feedstocks.  Maximum carbon lost during composting may be 50% of the
initial.  We might therefore see loss of carbon in various forms as between
approximately 7% to 25% of the initial mass.  Assuming a 35% initial organic
C concentration (say 350g/kg) and a 50% loss of carbon, only 175g/kg would
be lost as various forms of volatile carbon.  Most of the organic carbon is
converted to more stable organic complexes.  Assuming all is lost as CO2,
640g of CO2 would be lost per kg of compost.  73% of that weight would be
oxygen.     

Dave Schellinger
Phone:  (307)655-5818
 
 

-----Original Message-----
From: Eric Simenson [mailto:eric at bouldercompost.com] 
Sent: Friday, June 27, 2008 7:44 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Subject: [USCC] Calculating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Composting

  Does anyone have an equation to calculate how much carbon dioxide is 
released during composting?  I realize it depends on many factors, so 
ballpark numbers are just fine.

Thanks everyone,
Eric Simenson

Boulder Compost Co.
720-837-3286
www.bouldercompost.com



From Rufus.Chaney at ARS.USDA.GOV  Wed Jul  2 12:31:55 2008
From: Rufus.Chaney at ARS.USDA.GOV (Chaney, Rufus)
Date: Wed, 2 Jul 2008 13:31:55 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Tire chips
In-Reply-To: <001e01c8dba1$71d03ff0$5570bfd0$@net>
Message-ID: <AA859CCAF8F10A4B97993E2F1445964B01D1EE43@MD-MAIL-02.ARSNET.ARS.USDA.GOV>

Dear USCC:

I have commented before that the Zn added from tire chips is
undesireable in composts. In acidic soils, that Zn become plant
available over time as the rubber is degraded by microbes. Further, tire
chips don't absorb much water from the feedstocks, so they mostly give a
surface for the feedstock to spread out on during composting. The chips
may last longer than wood chips, but they do degrade over time and Zn
enters the compost. Even with biosolids composting with low metal
biosolids (Higgens et al., 1986), composting with rubber tire chips
doubled compost Zn.

In areas with Zn deficiency soils, rubber might be a resource to serve
as a low grade Zn fertilizer. Our testing has shown that even ground
rubber has have time to be degraded to release the Zn to the soil before
it is taken up by plants.

So, with the exception of producing a high Zn compost for Zn deficient
soils, I cannot recommend use of tire chips for composting anything.

A web search will identify many negative opinions about rubber use. I
have seen many reports about severe Zn phytotoxicity where tires were
used to burn out tree stumps, etc. The Zn does not disappear. Whether
the PAH compounds in the rubber are a special danger is arguable, and
PAHs are a natural part of most organic resources formed by microbes.

Regards,

Rufus Chaney
Beltsville, MD

-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of Scott Reil
Sent: Tuesday, July 01, 2008 1:40 PM
To: 'Compost Discussion List'
Subject: Re: [USCC] Tire chips

I've heard nothing good on rubber breaking down and plenty of bad
news...

http://www.puyallup.wsu.edu/~Linda%20Chalker-Scott/Horticultural%20Myths
_fil
es/Myths/Rubber%20mulch.pdf

Chemicals from the vulcanization process can include:

Sulfur - cross-linking agent
Zinc Oxide - activator
Zinc Dibutyldithiocarbamate - accelerator
Zinc Diethyldithiocarbamate - accelerator
Zinc Mercaptobenzothiazole - accelerator
Titanium Dioxide - whitening pigment
Calcium Carbonate - anti-tack agent
Calcium Nitrate - coagulant
Corn Starch - donning agent
Potassium Hydroxide - pH stabilizer
Anti-oxidants, anti-foaming agents, anti-webbing agents, surfactants,
color
pigments, flavoring compounds, fragrance
and other additives used are mixtures of compounds that are proprietary
knowledge and rights of the various brand
owners and may not be disclosed here.

I find the inclusion of carbamates to be particularly notable as they
are
getting as lot of bad press as pesticides (nerve agents). As noted in
the
above article, as much as 2% of the tire mass can be zinc, a lot higher
than
the 4-6 ppm we like to see in soils...not a good idea from where I sit
AT
ALL...


Scott Reil
Safe Lawns and Landscapes LLC
70 Highland Park Drive
Bloomfield CT 06002
860-243-8733



-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of John P Kelly
Sent: Monday, June 30, 2008 3:20 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Subject: [USCC] Tire chips

Composters:

I am interested in hearing from composters who have experience with tire
chips as an alternative bulking agent.

John Kelly
New England Organics
Director of Product Sales
135 Presumpscot Street, Unit 1
Portland, ME  04103
1-877-4-COMPOST
207-347-3605
207-781-5794 fax
207-650-5010 cell
www.earthlifegrows.com



_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade
Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion
of the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and
Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website:
www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
________________________________________________________________________
______
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights
reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the
Foundation, or the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its
website at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their
posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and
information regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other
options, go to: http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send
a message to the List Manager at
compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org

From dmhill at aol.com  Wed Jul  2 09:31:55 2008
From: dmhill at aol.com (dmhill@aol.com)
Date: Wed, 02 Jul 2008 10:31:55 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Tire chips
In-Reply-To: <OFEF6E27E4.DBBB33E9-ON85257478.00680114-85257478.006A304A@casella.com>
Message-ID: <8CAAA6782F37CD5-B58-17F1@webmail-me13.sysops.aol.com>


 In approximately 1995/1996 Maryland Evironmenta Service conducted and an experiment using tire chip as a bulking agent in the composting process. The test was headed by Mr. Rhody Holthause. The results of the testing may still be available by contacting either Ann Bleinberger or Richard Kelley at Maryland Environmental Service:


                                
Maryland
                                Environmental Service

                                259 Najoles Road

                                Millersville, MD 21108
Phone:


(410) 729-8200


(410) 729-8220 


FAX 1-800-473-2925


                              


 
David Hill
CycleLogic
4613 Roxbury Dr.
Bethesda, MD 20814
Phone/FAX (301) 493-5180


 

-----Original Message-----
From: John P Kelly <John.Kelly at casella.com>
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Sent: Mon, 30 Jun 2008 3:19 pm
Subject: [USCC] Tire chips










Composters:

I am interested in hearing from composters who have experience with tire
chips as an alternative bulking agent.

John Kelly
New England Organics
Director of Product Sales
135 Presumpscot Street, Unit 1
Portland, ME  04103
1-877-4-COMPOST
207-347-3605
207-781-5794 fax
207-650-5010 cell
www.earthlifegrows.com




 





_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of the 
composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and Sponsorship 
Opportunities available at the USCC website: www.compostingcouncil.org or call 
the USCC at 631.737.4931 
______________________________________________________________________________
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or the 
Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website at: 
http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their posting 
privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and information regarding 
subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other options, go to: http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a 
message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org



 






 [Image Removed] 



 


From maureen.reilly at sympatico.ca  Wed Jul  2 15:11:46 2008
From: maureen.reilly at sympatico.ca (Maureen Reilly)
Date: Wed, 02 Jul 2008 16:11:46 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Using alkaline stabilized N-Viro in compost
In-Reply-To: <8CAAA6782F37CD5-B58-17F1@webmail-me13.sysops.aol.com>
Message-ID: <BAY134-F407829F72357A0FEF61A88FD990@phx.gbl>


I just heard of a plan to use sewage sludge (dried Class A sewage sludge 
that has been mixed 50-50 with cement kiln dust) in a composting operation.

Would the high alkaline material (pH 11 or 12) be a problem in the active 
compost?

Maureen Reilly
Canada



From craigcoker at cox.net  Thu Jul  3 08:35:30 2008
From: craigcoker at cox.net (Craig Coker)
Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2008 09:35:30 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Using alkaline stabilized N-Viro in compost
In-Reply-To: <BAY134-F407829F72357A0FEF61A88FD990@phx.gbl>
References: <8CAAA6782F37CD5-B58-17F1@webmail-me13.sysops.aol.com>
	<BAY134-F407829F72357A0FEF61A88FD990@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <000d01c8dd11$a93d0470$6400a8c0@LAPTOP>

Maureen:

I believe it would.  Previous attempts to compost alkaline-stabilized
biosolids have been complicated by the high pH (if it kills pathogens, it
kills beneficial microorganisms) and by the high levels of volatilized
ammonia.

Craig

Craig Coker
Coker Composting & Consulting
3331 Glade Creek Blvd., Ste. 7
Roanoke, VA 24012
Tel.: (540) 904-2698
Fax: (540) 904-6732
Cell: (540) 874-5168
Email: craigcoker at cox.net
Web: www.cokercompost.com
 
-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of Maureen Reilly
Sent: Wednesday, July 02, 2008 4:12 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Subject: [USCC] Using alkaline stabilized N-Viro in compost


I just heard of a plan to use sewage sludge (dried Class A sewage sludge 
that has been mixed 50-50 with cement kiln dust) in a composting operation.

Would the high alkaline material (pH 11 or 12) be a problem in the active 
compost?

Maureen Reilly
Canada


_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of
the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and
Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website:
www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
____________________________________________________________________________
__
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or
the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website
at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their
posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and information
regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other options, go to:
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a
message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org


From hodgesenviro at sbcglobal.net  Thu Jul  3 09:55:41 2008
From: hodgesenviro at sbcglobal.net (Dan Hodges)
Date: Thu, 3 Jul 2008 09:55:41 -0500
Subject: [USCC] Using alkaline stabilized N-Viro in compost
References: <BAY134-F407829F72357A0FEF61A88FD990@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <06db01c8dd1c$dd9bfef0$4101a8c0@hodges101b0acb>

We attempted to compost lime stabilized, not cement kiln dust, but certainly 
similar pH characteristics.  The composting process does not deal very well 
with pH's out of the 6 - 8 range.  When the pH returns to those values then 
the composting process will begin to function.


Danny Hodges
Hodges Environmental

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Maureen Reilly" <maureen.reilly at sympatico.ca>
To: <compost at mailman.cloudnet.com>
Sent: Wednesday, July 02, 2008 3:11 PM
Subject: [USCC] Using alkaline stabilized N-Viro in compost


>
> I just heard of a plan to use sewage sludge (dried Class A sewage sludge
> that has been mixed 50-50 with cement kiln dust) in a composting 
> operation.
>
> Would the high alkaline material (pH 11 or 12) be a problem in the active
> compost?
>
> Maureen Reilly
> Canada
>
>
> _______________________________________
> Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
> January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
> The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of 
> the composting and organics recycling industry.
> Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and 
> Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website: 
> www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931
> ______________________________________________________________________________
> Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
> http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
> _______________________________________
> This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
> (c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved
>
> Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, 
> or the Board of Directors.
>
> Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website 
> at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm
>
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> 



From dmhill at aol.com  Fri Jul  4 09:21:49 2008
From: dmhill at aol.com (dmhill@aol.com)
Date: Fri, 04 Jul 2008 10:21:49 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Using alkaline stabilized N-Viro in compost
In-Reply-To: <BAY134-F407829F72357A0FEF61A88FD990@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <8CAABF86E59A7E3-C68-2E19@webmail-md07.sysops.aol.com>


 Maureen:
Composting high pH? organics, including lime stabilized biosolids comes with its own unique set of challenges. The biosolids composted at WSSC's Site II were lime stabilized prior to composting. The composting process worked well however, an inordinate amount of money was spent on odor control management practices and technology.

I am wondering why someone would duplicate a Class A process by composting finished N-Viro product? Is it possible that the the N-Viro product will be blended with the finished compost, thereby enhancing the overall nutrient value, adding lime and mitigating odor associated with the N-Viro product?

David Hill
CycleLogic
www.mycyclelogic.com 


 


 

-----Original Message-----
From: Maureen Reilly <maureen.reilly at sympatico.ca>
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Sent: Wed, 2 Jul 2008 4:11 pm
Subject: [USCC] Using alkaline stabilized N-Viro in compost











I just heard of a plan to use sewage sludge (dried Class A sewage sludge 
that has been mixed 50-50 with cement kiln dust) in a composting operation.

Would the high alkaline material (pH 11 or 12) be a problem in the active 
compost?

Maureen Reilly
Canada


_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of the 
composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and Sponsorship 
Opportunities available at the USCC website: www.compostingcouncil.org or call 
the USCC at 631.737.4931 
______________________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or the 
Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website at: 
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Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their posting 
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For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a 
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From tonybreton at gmail.com  Fri Jul  4 07:32:23 2008
From: tonybreton at gmail.com (Tony Breton)
Date: Fri, 4 Jul 2008 13:32:23 +0100
Subject: [USCC] De-packaging
In-Reply-To: <000301c8dc41$cc239c90$646ad5b0$@net>
References: <000301c8dc41$cc239c90$646ad5b0$@net>
Message-ID: <003e01c8ddd2$03777450$0301a8c0@tbclaptop>

Hi Ron

I don't think it's new but at a TCA / HotRot / Bekon event yesterday there
was a presentation by Atritor of their turbo-separator which they claimed
had a 90-99% depackaging efficiency, I think the Biogen plant in Bedford
might be using one of these see www.turboseparator.com

Best regards

Tony

Tony Breton
Market Developer - UK Source Separation
 
Novamont S.p.A. - European Inventor of the Year 2007
c/o 13 Barnwell Street
Kettering
NN16 0JD
UK

T: +44 (0) 7876 200934
F: +44 (0) 800 0664525
E: tony.breton at novamont.com
W: www.materbi.com

 
This E-mail is confidential, may be legally privileged and is for the
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-----Original Message-----
From: alexassoc at earthlink.net [mailto:alexassoc at earthlink.net] 
Sent: 02 July 2008 13:48
To: compostlist
Subject: [USCC] De-packaging

Hello compost World,

Has anyone heard of a new de-packaging plant/equipment suited for removing
food waste from packaging - as a pre-cursor to composting or AD?

Thanks,
Ron


Ron Alexander
R. Alexander Associates, Inc.
1212 Eastham Drive
Apex, NC 27502
USA
919-367-8350
919-367-8351 fax
alexassoc at earthlink.net
www.alexassoc.net 





From CAVM at aol.com  Tue Jul  8 12:53:06 2008
From: CAVM at aol.com (CAVM@aol.com)
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2008 13:53:06 EDT
Subject: [USCC] Lime stabilized compost
Message-ID: <c31.36d11d25.35a50382@aol.com>

 
I am unaware of any successful marketing of N-Viro compost to retail uses  or 
even industrial or agricultural uses. The locations I am aware of who use  
lime stabilization send it for landfill cover.

Neal Van Milligen
 

I am  wondering why someone would duplicate a Class A process by composting 
finished  N-Viro product?


 



**************Gas prices getting you down? Search AOL Autos for 
fuel-efficient used cars.      (http://autos.aol.com/used?ncid=aolaut00050000000007)

From ethan at energycollective.com  Wed Jul  9 07:19:49 2008
From: ethan at energycollective.com (Ethan Rosch)
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2008 08:19:49 -0400
Subject: [USCC] EN13432 vs. ASTM D6400
Message-ID: <74348E98-805B-4700-9EFE-6CD3C9BB0E26@energycollective.com>

Hello Compost world.

Quick question on EN13432 vs. ASTM D6400.

Does the EU certificate EN13432 for compostable materials meet and/or  
exceed the BPI ASTM D6400?

Do composting facilities in the US generally accept materials that  
have the EN13432 certification?

thank you,
Ethan
_________________________
Ethan Rosch
Energy Collective
Tel. 212-674-7469
Fax: 360-343-8920
Mob: 917-664-7206
ethan at energycollective.com
www.energycollective.com


From Michele.Young at sanjoseca.gov  Tue Jul 15 19:05:59 2008
From: Michele.Young at sanjoseca.gov (Young, Michele)
Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2008 17:05:59 -0700
Subject: [USCC] School Lunch composting
Message-ID: <4B7DBB32B8E0254081660CC49C2B7AFAAF2A14@ex08.sjcity.net>

Greetings to all,

The City of San Jose is rolling out an 8 school collection and offsite
composting pilot for school lunch waste, and we are looking for tools to
help us in analysis of the pilot project.

We would be interested in contacts at schools, reports, websites, and
analysis of successes (or challenges).

We thank you in advance for any leads you can provide us.

Cheers Michele Young

Turn Over an Old Leaf - Compost!
 
Michele Young  
City of San Jose
Environmental Services Department
200 E. Santa Clara St.   Tower 10
San Jose,  CA  95113
Phone: (408) 975-2519
FAX: (408) 292-6212 


From gbrec at comcast.net  Tue Jul 15 17:09:32 2008
From: gbrec at comcast.net (Gary Bright)
Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2008 18:09:32 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Biofilter media
Message-ID: <20080715220928.30F06736603@mx1.cloudnet.com>

I seek some guidance in learning about the best various combinations of
media to use in a biofilter.  Any information to indicate best material,
thickness, maximum layers, moisture monitoring devices available (at
responsible prices) , etc.      Gary.


From alh54 at cornell.edu  Wed Jul 16 09:37:30 2008
From: alh54 at cornell.edu (Allison L H Jack)
Date: Wed, 16 Jul 2008 10:37:30 -0400
Subject: [USCC] antibiotic resistant microbes in livestock manure-compost
Message-ID: <6.2.1.2.2.20080716103423.01db3a98@postoffice8.mail.cornell.edu>

Hi everyone,

I wanted to make a few comments on this older thread from before the July 
4th holiday.

Dr. Chaney mentioned that the human pathogens present in livestock manures 
are not thermophiles, and would be killed during composting (full posting 
at the end of this message). This is true, but the main concept behind 
antibiotic resistance is that bacteria can transfer this resistance between 
completely unrelated species via plasmids. The following is a possible 
scenario. An E. coli bacterium living in a cow gut acquires resistance to 
the sub-therapeutic antibiotics administered to the cow. This bacterium is 
shed from the gut and ends up in the manure. The antibiotic resistance gene 
is carried on a mobile plasmid (small circular extra-chromosomal DNA) that 
is transferred to 3 totally different bacterial species. If one of these 
species is a thermophile, it is possible that it could survive the 
composting process and transfer the plasmid to mesophilic bacteria in the 
finished compost and in the soil. Many human pathogens, especially 
opportunistic ones, are soil dwellers, hence the widespread concern over 
this issue of multi drug resistant bacteria. The American Society for 
Microbiology has a whole section of their website devoted to the issue of 
antibiotic resistance due to medical and agricultural use of antibiotics. 
[http://www.asm.org/Policy/index.asp?bid=531].

The transfer of antibiotic resistance genes from bacteria in manure to 
bacteria in soil is well documented (see a selection of literature below 
[1-2]), but little is known about how manure management affects this 
process. There is growing evidence that intensively managing manure (i.e. 
composting) can reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in soil 
bacterial populations [3]. I would argue that more studies of this kind 
need to be done. I believe documenting that composting could partially 
ameliorate this emerging environmental problem would be a benefit to the 
industry. But of course, without the involvement and support of the entire 
composting community, this field of research will continue to focus on raw 
manure and not take a critical look at the potential benefits of the 
composting process.

Scientific knowledge is a moving target, and I would argue that successful 
industries need to be flexible and respond rapidly to new information. For 
example, when McDonald's executives learned about the emerging issue of 
antibiotic resistant microbes, they very rapidly banned the use of 
sub-therapeutic antibiotics for all of their meat suppliers worldwide 
[<http://www.mcdonalds.com/corp/values/purchasing/antibiotics/global_policy.html>www.mcdonalds.com/corp/values/purchasing/antibiotics/global_policy.html]. 
The 503 rules were researched and written decades before horizontal gene 
transfer was documented in soil bacterial communities. Environmental 
microbiology is one of the fastest growing fields of science right now due 
to the new molecular tools at our disposal. Which news story would you like 
to see first; "Compost can contain antibiotic resistant microbes, be 
afraid!" or "Composting can help reduce the presence of antibiotic 
resistant microbes"? I hope the industry chooses to be proactive and 
collaborate with scientists working on this issue so that we can all better 
understand the effect of composting on the persistence of antibiotic 
residues and antibiotic resistance genes in manures.

Dr. Chaney's point on endocrine disrupting compounds in personal care 
products is a good one. Many people, myself included, chose not to use 
products that contain these compounds. There's an extensive searchable 
database run by the Environmental Working Group where you can research the 
ingredients in these products (most have which have been banned in Europe) 
[http://www.cosmeticsdatabase.com/index.php?nothanks=1]. Adverse human 
health effects are one issue, but this is an environmental issue as well. 
Fish can't choose which deodorant they're exposed to! Endocrine disrupting 
compounds from sewage effluent have a feminization effect on fish at very 
low concentrations. Feminization means that male fish can't develop 
properly and a population can shift to almost entirely females, or sterile 
intermediates which can cause the whole population to crash. There's an 
excellent PNAS paper on this subject that's available online [4].  I 
believe this will be one of the largest environmental stories of our 
generation behind climate change, and it will definitely affect the 
biosolids composting industry. Again, this was not a documented issue when 
the 503 rules were developed. I would argue that the industry needs to 
decide on adopting a proactive or reactive response to these emerging 
issues in manure management.

-Allison Jack
Cornell University



[1]

Title: Short-term effects of amoxicillin on bacterial communities in 
manured soil
Author(s): Binh CTT, Heuer H, Gomes NCM, et al.
Source: FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY   Volume: 62   Issue: 3   Pages: 
290-302   Published: DEC 2007

Abstract: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, nutrients and antibiotics that 
enter the soil by means of manure may enhance the proportion of bacteria 
displaying antibiotic resistance among soil bacteria and may affect 
bacterial community structure and function. To investigate the effect of 
manure and amoxicillin added to manure on soil bacterial communities, 
microcosm experiments were performed with two soil types and the following 
treatments: (1) nontreated, (2) manure-treated, (3) treated with manure 
supplemented with 10 mg amoxicillin kg(-1) soil and (4) treated with manure 
supplemented with 100 mg amoxicillin kg(-1) soil, with four replicates per 
treatment. Manure significantly increased the total CFU count and the 
amoxicillin-resistant CFU count of both soil types. However, only the soil 
with a history of manure treatment showed a significant increase in the 
relative number of amoxicillin-resistant bacteria as a result of 
amoxicillin amendment. The majority of plasmids exogenously isolated from 
soil originated from soil treated with amoxicillin-supplemented manure. All 
16 characterized plasmids carried the bla-TEM gene, and 10 of them belonged 
to the IncN group. The bla-TEM gene was detected in DNA directly extracted 
from soil by dot-blot hybridization of PCR amplicons and showed an 
increased abundance in soil samples treated with manure. Molecular 
fingerprint analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments amplified from soil DNA 
revealed significant effects of manure and amoxicillin on the bacterial 
community of both soils.


[2]

Title: The effects of subtherapeutic antibiotic use in farm animals on the 
proliferation and persistence of antibiotic resistance among soil bacteria
Author(s): Ghosh S, LaPara TM
Source: ISME JOURNAL   Volume: 1   Issue: 3   Pages: 191-203   Published: 
JUL 2007

Abstract: The use of antibiotics at subtherapeutic concentrations for 
agricultural applications is believed to be an important factor in the 
proliferation of antibiotic- resistant bacteria. The goal of this study was 
to determine if the application of manure onto agricultural land would 
result in the proliferation of antibiotic resistance among soil bacteria. 
Chlortetracycline- resistant bacteria were enumerated and characterized 
from soils exposed to the manure of animals fed subtherapeutic 
concentrations of antibiotics and compared to the chlortetracycline- 
resistant bacteria from soils at farms with restricted antibiotic use ( 
dairy farms) and from non- agricultural soils. No significant differences 
were observed at nine different study sites with respect to the numbers and 
types of cultivated chlortetracycline- resistant bacteria. Genes encoding 
for tetracycline resistance were rarely detected in the resistant bacteria 
from these sites. In contrast, soils collected from a tenth farm, which 
allowed manure to indiscriminately accumulate outside the animal pen, had 
significantly higher chlortetracycline- resistance levels. These resistant 
bacteria frequently harbored one of 14 different genes encoding for 
tetracycline resistance, many of which ( especially tet( A) and tet( L)) 
were detected in numerous different bacterial species. Subsequent bacterial 
enumerations at this site, following the cessation of farming activity, 
suggested that this farm remained a hotspot for antibiotic resistance. In 
conclusion, we speculate that excessive application of animal manure leads 
to the spread of resistance to soil bacteria ( potentially by lateral gene 
transfer), which then serve as persistent reservoir of antibiotic resistance.

[3]

Title: Response of antibiotics and resistance genes to high-intensity and 
low-intensity manure management
Author(s): Storteboom HN, Kim SC, Doesken KC, et al.
Source: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY   Volume: 36   Issue: 6   Pages: 
1695-1703   Published: NOV-DEC 2007

Abstract: This purpose of thid study was to determine the response of 
antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) to manure management. A 
pilor field study was conducted using horse manure containing no 
antibiotics, into which chlorretracycline (CTC), tylosin (TYL), and 
monensin (MON) were spiked and compared to unspiked controls. Subsequently, 
a large-scale field study was conducted comparing manure from a dairy with 
minimal use of antibiotics and a feedlot with regular subtherapeutic use of 
antibiotics. The manures were subjected tp high-intensity management (HIM) 
(amending watering, and turning) and low-intensity management (LIM) (no 
amending, watering, or turning) and were monitereed for antibiotic 
concentrations and levels of tetracycline ARG [tet(W) and tet(O)] using 
quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. All three antibiotics in 
the pilot study disipated more rapidly in HIM manure, with half-lives 
ranging from 4 to 15 d, compared to LIM manure, with half-lives ranging 
from 8 to 30 d. Levels of tet(W) were significantly higher after 141 d of 
treatment, but levels of tet(O) were significantly lower in all treatments. 
In the large-scale study, the feedlot manure had higher initial 
concentrations than the dairy manure of tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline 
(OTC), and CTC as well as tet(W) and tet(O). Tetracycline and OTC 
dissipated more rapidly in HIM manure, with half-lives ranging from 7 to 31 
d. After 6 mo of treatment, tet(W) and tet(O) decreased significantly in 
feedlot manure, whereas dairy manure required only 4 mo of treatment for 
similar results.

[4]

Title: Collapse of a fish population after exposure to a synthetic estrogen
Author(s): Kidd KA, Blanchfield PJ, Mills KH, et al.
Source: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED 
STATES OF AMERICA   Volume: 104   Issue: 21   Pages: 8897-8901   Published: 
MAY 22 2007

Absract: Municipal wastewaters are a complex mixture containing estrogens 
and estrogen mimics that are known to affect the reproductive health of 
wild fishes. Male fishes downstream of some wastewater outfalls produce 
vitellogenin (VTG) (a protein normally synthesized by females during oocyte 
maturation) and early-stage eggs in their testes, and this feminization has 
been attributed to the presence of estrogenic substances such as natural 
estrogens [estrone or 17 -estradiol (E2)], the synthetic estrogen used in 
birth-control pills [17 -ethynylestradiol (EE2)], or weaker estrogen mimics 
such as nonylphenol in the water. Despite widespread evidence that male 
fishes are being feminized, it is not known whether these low-level, 
chronic exposures adversely impact the sustainability of wild populations. 
We conducted a 7-year, whole-lake experiment at the Experimental Lakes Area 
(ELA) in northwestern Ontario, Canada, and showed that chronic exposure of 
fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) to low concentrations (5?6 ng?L 1) of 
the potent 17 -ethynylestradiol led to feminization of males through the 
production of vitellogenin mRNA and protein, impacts on gonadal development 
as evidenced by intersex in males and altered oogenesis in females, and, 
ultimately, a near extinction of this species from the lake. Our 
observations demonstrate that the concentrations of estrogens and their 
mimics observed in freshwaters can impact the sustainability of wild fish 
populations.

PNAS is open access, read the full article here: 
http://www.pnas.org/content/104/21/8897


Allison Jack
Cornell University


++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Dear USCC:

I believe some perspective is needed following some of the comments that
have come from the original question about destruction of antibiotics
during composting.

It is clear that many antibiotics are readily biodegraded during either
anaerobic digestion or composting of manure and biosolids. But not all
are so rapidly biodegraded. Just as with herbicides and pesticides; some
are easily biodegraded and others not. The unexpected residue of the
herbicide clopyralid discovered several years ago required changes in
registration so that it would not be used for home weed control and then
contaminate home composts or yard-debris composts that are increasingly
important to North American cities.

Mr. McGowan reminded us of some of this, but then over-stated the
reality of pathogen destruction by composting. Yes, there may be some
antibiotic resistant microbes in livestock and human wastes, but these
are human pathogens that are readily killed by the temperatures required
for effective composting. Of course, not all composting is conducted to
comply with the 503 requirements, but increasingly that has become the
management goal for the composting industry which needs to show they
have killed animal and plant pathogens by the combination of temperature
and time.

I wanted to remind us all again that toxic chemicals are present in all
the plants we eat. Bruce Ames (of Ames test fame) has evaluated toxicity
and mutagenicity of chemicals in foods and found that 99.98% of all
pesticicds that are present in foods are the natural pesticides made in
plants to prevent microbial infection or reduce insect feeding on the
plant in nature. Residues of synthetic pesticides are miniscule in
comparison. I note this information because some who communicate here
seem to think that only industrial chemicals are dangerous. These
natural chemicals include some which are complex enough that
biodegradation is slower than for more metabolic compounds in plants.

And others have made a big deal about possible residues of antibiotics
from personal care products in biosolids and biosolids composts. They
seem to forget that the highest exposure of humans to these chemicals is
to the materials in the products as they use them in their homes. And
the selection of antibiotic resistant microbes is much greater in the
home where such materials are used than due to the low concentrations
present in biosolids or manure. Similarly for other chemicals in
personal care products.

Just hoping to help us find a balanced perspective on these issues that
fairly considers the value of composting and of compost products.

Regards,

Rufus Chaney
Beltsville, MD

**************************************************************************************
Allison L H Jack
Graduate Student
Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology
http://pppmb.cals.cornell.edu
Cornell University
335 Plant Science
Ithaca, NY 14850
607.273.5762
************************************************************************************* 


"...Advancing a productive and sustainable agriculture"
from the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences mission statement

From djborder at msn.com  Tue Jul 15 09:36:38 2008
From: djborder at msn.com (David Border)
Date: Tue, 15 Jul 2008 15:36:38 +0100
Subject: [USCC] Composting waste chocolate
Message-ID: <BLU105-W38D0D67EE0D4920AFC195AC78C0@phx.gbl>

Hi:
 
Does anyone have any experience of composting large quantities of waste chocolate?
 
Regards,
 
David Border
DBCC
PO Box 42
St Ives
Cambs.
PE28 5JX
UK
 
 
 

From wfbr17 at woodsend.org  Wed Jul 16 09:44:02 2008
From: wfbr17 at woodsend.org (Will Brinton)
Date: Wed, 16 Jul 2008 10:44:02 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Biodegradabiloty tests
In-Reply-To: <mailman.0.1216141201.23263.compost@mailman.cloudnet.com>
References: <mailman.0.1216141201.23263.compost@mailman.cloudnet.com>
Message-ID: <487E0932.7020705@woodsend.org>

Dear Etan et al.

Our laboratory performs various ASTM, ISO and EN methods for aerobic 
(and anaerobic) biodegradability.

My understanding is that for all practical and certification purposes 
the tests are synonymous.  In fact many USA approved products  have been 
certified-tested in Europe under  ISO 14855 / EN 13432, considered 
equivalent to ASTM D6400.

We prepared a listing of test methods and their equivalents available as 
a free download  at:
http://www.woodsend.org/pdf-files/DIN-Certco-list.pdf

Thank you

William Brinton
Woods End Laboratories inc.


> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Today's Topics:
>
>    1. EN13432 vs. ASTM D6400 (Ethan Rosch)
>   
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Subject:
> [USCC] EN13432 vs. ASTM D6400
> From:
> Ethan Rosch <ethan at energycollective.com>
> Date:
> Wed, 9 Jul 2008 08:19:49 -0400
> To:
> compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
>
> To:
> compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
>
>
> Hello Compost world.
>
> Quick question on EN13432 vs. ASTM D6400.
>
> Does the EU certificate EN13432 for compostable materials meet and/or 
> exceed the BPI ASTM D6400?
>
> Do composting facilities in the US generally accept materials that 
> have the EN13432 certification?
>
> thank you,
> Ethan
> _________________________
> Ethan Rosch
> Energy Collective
> Tel. 212-674-7469
> Fax: 360-343-8920
> Mob: 917-664-7206
> ethan at energycollective.com
> www.energycollective.com
>
>

From dpw180 at co.santa-cruz.ca.us  Wed Jul 16 11:57:38 2008
From: dpw180 at co.santa-cruz.ca.us (Dan De Grassi)
Date: Wed, 16 Jul 2008 09:57:38 -0700
Subject: [USCC] School Lunch composting
Message-ID: <6469737A542FAD4B9F7442DFE725FB230552DFCD@sczex01.co.santa-cruz.ca.us>

Hi Michele,
I'm sure you have, but if you haven't, talk to Karen about the materials
we've put together for our Waste Free Schools program.
Best regards,
Dan

-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of Young,
Michele
Sent: Tuesday, July 15, 2008 5:06 PM
To: 'Compost Discussion List'
Subject: [USCC] School Lunch composting


Greetings to all,

The City of San Jose is rolling out an 8 school collection and offsite
composting pilot for school lunch waste, and we are looking for tools to
help us in analysis of the pilot project.

We would be interested in contacts at schools, reports, websites, and
analysis of successes (or challenges).

We thank you in advance for any leads you can provide us.

Cheers Michele Young

Turn Over an Old Leaf - Compost!
 
Michele Young  
City of San Jose
Environmental Services Department
200 E. Santa Clara St.   Tower 10
San Jose,  CA  95113
Phone: (408) 975-2519
FAX: (408) 292-6212 

_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade
Show January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX. The
National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of
the composting and organics recycling industry. Conference Highlights,
Registration forms, Exhibitor information and Sponsorship Opportunities
available at the USCC website: www.compostingcouncil.org or call the
USCC at 631.737.4931 
________________________________________________________________________
______
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights
reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the
Foundation, or the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its
website at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their
posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and
information regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other
options, go to: http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send
a message to the List Manager at
compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org

From Sherrianj at plano.gov  Thu Jul 17 17:16:47 2008
From: Sherrianj at plano.gov (Sherrian Jones)
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2008 17:16:47 -0500
Subject: [USCC] School Lunch composting
In-Reply-To: <4B7DBB32B8E0254081660CC49C2B7AFAAF2A14@ex08.sjcity.net>
Message-ID: <608A148346033945A88A2FEFC8B8B01408C02D20@ISMB05.city.plano.gov>

Michele,
City of Plano has long had a school lunch recycling program. I am
sending your request to Christopher Day manager of our recycling
program. You may reach him directly : christopherd at plano.gov He will
have much valuable info to help you with this very worthwhile endeavor!
Good luck,
Sherrian Jones
Texas Pure Products
City of Plano
Division Manager
972-742-0413

 

-----Original Message-----
From: Young, Michele [mailto:Michele.Young at sanjoseca.gov] 
Sent: Tuesday, July 15, 2008 7:06 PM
To: 'Compost Discussion List'
Subject: [USCC] School Lunch composting

Greetings to all,

The City of San Jose is rolling out an 8 school collection and offsite
composting pilot for school lunch waste, and we are looking for tools to
help us in analysis of the pilot project.

We would be interested in contacts at schools, reports, websites, and
analysis of successes (or challenges).

We thank you in advance for any leads you can provide us.

Cheers Michele Young

Turn Over an Old Leaf - Compost!
 
Michele Young  
City of San Jose
Environmental Services Department
200 E. Santa Clara St.   Tower 10
San Jose,  CA  95113
Phone: (408) 975-2519
FAX: (408) 292-6212 



From john at jfconnolly.com  Thu Jul 17 18:35:00 2008
From: john at jfconnolly.com (John F. Connolly)
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2008 19:35:00 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Potential methane production - commercial food waste
Message-ID: <000301c8e865$bb3b3660$6401a8c0@JFConnolly01>

A client of mine is looking to determine methane potential for various food
wastes, specifically determining potential methane production for various
commercial food waste feedstocks. Typical feedstock sources include
restaurants, grocery stores, and food preparation manufacturing. The mix
will include green waste, fish, meat, and dairy with approximately 10
percent paper and cardboard and 5 percent added FOG (both by weight).  We
are interested in the methane and CO2 production.  This could be either by
direct measurement or indirectly by measurement of water, ash, and CHONP
content which will allow an empirical determination of the CH4 and CO2
content.

 

Has work been completed regarding this, or could a member point me towards a
resource that might provide some insight to this request ?

 

Respectfully,

John Connolly

 

John F. Connolly

JFConnolly & Associates

7 Holman Lane

Hampton, NH  03842

tel  603 758 1499

fax 603 926 6502

cell 603 767 1321

 <mailto:john at jfconnolly.com> john at jfconnolly.com

 <http://www.jfconnolly.com/> www.jfconnolly.com

 


From thisisdennis at juno.com  Thu Jul 17 18:31:47 2008
From: thisisdennis at juno.com (thisisdennis@juno.com)
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2008 18:31:47 -0500
Subject: [USCC] Compost Digest, Vol 53, Issue 8
Message-ID: <20080717.183147.3640.3.thisisdennis@juno.com>

Hello Fellow composters,

Does anybody know anything about composting Swill? A neigbor says the
state is almost giving it away for cattle feed. I am not interested in it
for feed but maybe compost if i can get it free. Would it have a downside
like solvents or any other chemicals i might not want on our organic
farm.

Thanks much,

Dennis Stoltzfoos
Full Circle Farm 
Live Oak FL



On Tue, 15 Jul 2008 12:00:01 -0500 compost-request at mailman.cloudnet.com
writes:
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From jdl at recycle.com  Mon Jul 21 16:26:01 2008
From: jdl at recycle.com (JD Lindeberg)
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2008 17:26:01 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Potential methane production - commercial food waste
In-Reply-To: <000301c8e865$bb3b3660$6401a8c0@JFConnolly01>
References: <000301c8e865$bb3b3660$6401a8c0@JFConnolly01>
Message-ID: <00b001c8eb78$5ff31c30$1fd95490$@com>

John-

Lots of work has been done on this subject by Sally Brown.  I have been
working with the Council to develop some of these calculations protocols to
figure out the methane generation that is likely to come from landfills.

Let me know how I can help you on this.

JD Lindeberg, PE LEED AP
Principal and CFO
Resource Recycling Systems Inc.
416 Longshore Drive
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
734-996-1361 x-241
734-646-3303 (m)
www.recycle.com




-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of John F. Connolly
Sent: Thursday, July 17, 2008 7:35 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Subject: [USCC] Potential methane production - commercial food waste

A client of mine is looking to determine methane potential for various food
wastes, specifically determining potential methane production for various
commercial food waste feedstocks. Typical feedstock sources include
restaurants, grocery stores, and food preparation manufacturing. The mix
will include green waste, fish, meat, and dairy with approximately 10
percent paper and cardboard and 5 percent added FOG (both by weight).  We
are interested in the methane and CO2 production.  This could be either by
direct measurement or indirectly by measurement of water, ash, and CHONP
content which will allow an empirical determination of the CH4 and CO2
content.

 

Has work been completed regarding this, or could a member point me towards a
resource that might provide some insight to this request ?

 

Respectfully,

John Connolly

 

John F. Connolly

JFConnolly & Associates

7 Holman Lane

Hampton, NH  03842

tel  603 758 1499

fax 603 926 6502

cell 603 767 1321

 <mailto:john at jfconnolly.com> john at jfconnolly.com

 <http://www.jfconnolly.com/> www.jfconnolly.com

 

_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of
the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and
Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website:
www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
____________________________________________________________________________
__
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or
the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website
at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their
posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and information
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http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a
message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org



From SGlass at abcwua.org  Mon Jul 21 16:27:14 2008
From: SGlass at abcwua.org (Glass, Steve J.)
Date: Mon, 21 Jul 2008 15:27:14 -0600
Subject: [USCC] Potential methane production - commercial food waste
Message-ID: <330601c8eb78$941c2082$176b788f@coa.cabq.lcl>

John -

Check out papers written about 10 years ago by Morton Barlaz at NC State.  I think he published some in Journal of Enviromental Quality.

Steve Glass
Albuquerque

-----Original Message-----
From: "John F. Connolly" <john at jfconnolly.com>
To: "compost at mailman.cloudnet.com" <compost at mailman.cloudnet.com>
Sent: 7/21/2008 2:11 PM
Subject: [USCC] Potential methane production - commercial food waste

A client of mine is looking to determine methane potential for various food
wastes, specifically determining potential methane production for various
commercial food waste feedstocks. Typical feedstock sources include
restaurants, grocery stores, and food preparation manufacturing. The mix
will include green waste, fish, meat, and dairy with approximately 10
percent paper and cardboard and 5 percent added FOG (both by weight).  We
are interested in the methane and CO2 production.  This could be either by
direct measurement or indirectly by measurement of water, ash, and CHONP
content which will allow an empirical determination of the CH4 and CO2
content.

 

Has work been completed regarding this, or could a member point me towards a
resource that might provide some insight to this request ?

 

Respectfully,

John Connolly

 

John F. Connolly

JFConnolly & Associates

7 Holman Lane

Hampton, NH  03842

tel  603 758 1499

fax 603 926 6502

cell 603 767 1321

 <mailto:john at jfconnolly.com> john at jfconnolly.com

 <http://www.jfconnolly.com/> www.jfconnolly.com

 

_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website: www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
______________________________________________________________________________
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and information regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other options, go to: http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org

From bplatt at ilsr.org  Tue Jul 22 12:58:54 2008
From: bplatt at ilsr.org (Brenda Platt)
Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2008 13:58:54 -0400
Subject: [USCC] studies on mixed waste composting?
Message-ID: <55887b8b0807221058x8bedefdvfbf5857a1b9a1525@mail.gmail.com>

Can anyone point me to data/studies on mixed waste composting? I am
particularly interested in demonstrating the superiority of composting
segregated organic materials to mixed waste composting options.

Thanks in advance.

Brenda

-- 
Brenda Platt
Institute for Local Self-Reliance
927 15th Street, NW, 4th Fl
Washington, DC 20005
202-898-1610 ext. 230
www.ilsr.org

From gbrec at comcast.net  Fri Jul 25 16:43:32 2008
From: gbrec at comcast.net (Gary Bright)
Date: Fri, 25 Jul 2008 17:43:32 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Biofilter
Message-ID: <20080725214337.BD1BBA4F48E@mx1.cloudnet.com>

I'm exploring different avenues as to what a bilfilter will do for various
treatments.  Certainly composting and animals odor problems are great uses
but what about a welding shop, paint shop, etc.   Does anyone have input on
other uses?   In order to bring popularity of something that will help the
composting industry such as the use of biofilters, it seems only appropriate
that if other uses can be implemented it would become cost effective to
pursue developing more biofilters for many uses which in turn makes it
affordable for all.   Gary..Michigan


From craigcoker at cox.net  Mon Jul 28 14:47:00 2008
From: craigcoker at cox.net (Craig Coker)
Date: Mon, 28 Jul 2008 15:47:00 -0400
Subject: [USCC] Biofilter
In-Reply-To: <20080725214337.BD1BBA4F48E@mx1.cloudnet.com>
References: <20080725214337.BD1BBA4F48E@mx1.cloudnet.com>
Message-ID: <00e801c8f0ea$b383ec40$6400a8c0@LAPTOP>

Gary:

Biofilters can be used to mitigate any type of air emissions that are
amenable to biodegradation.  Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are very
treatable with biofilters.  VOCs are emitted by paint booths, various
industrial sources, wastewater treatment plants and pumping stations, animal
waste lagoons, and, of course, composting facilities.  I've seen biofilters
outfitted into 55-gal drums filled with compost to treat paint fumes from
backyard/garage paint shops.  There are numerous examples of biofiltration
systems in the literature.

Craig

Craig Coker
Coker Composting & Consulting
3331 Glade Creek Blvd., Ste. 7
Roanoke, VA 24012
Tel.: (540) 904-2698
Fax: (540) 904-6732
Cell: (540) 874-5168
Email: craigcoker at cox.net
Web: www.cokercompost.com
 

-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of Gary Bright
Sent: Friday, July 25, 2008 5:44 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Subject: [USCC] Biofilter

I'm exploring different avenues as to what a bilfilter will do for various
treatments.  Certainly composting and animals odor problems are great uses
but what about a welding shop, paint shop, etc.   Does anyone have input on
other uses?   In order to bring popularity of something that will help the
composting industry such as the use of biofilters, it seems only appropriate
that if other uses can be implemented it would become cost effective to
pursue developing more biofilters for many uses which in turn makes it
affordable for all.   Gary..Michigan

_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion of
the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and
Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website:
www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
____________________________________________________________________________
__
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the Foundation, or
the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its website
at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their
posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and information
regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other options, go to:
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send a
message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org


From gbarron at ieua.org  Thu Jul 31 13:32:29 2008
From: gbarron at ieua.org (Greg Barron)
Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2008 11:32:29 -0700
Subject: [USCC] Biofilter
References: <20080725214337.BD1BBA4F48E@mx1.cloudnet.com>
	<00e801c8f0ea$b383ec40$6400a8c0@LAPTOP>
Message-ID: <97C6E999722DE84EAB948894B712197403D4637D@sky.IEUA.ORG>

Craig,

>From your experience what types of media have the best ability to reduce
VOC emissions? 

Greg Barron
Compost Facility Supervisor
Inland Empire Regional Composting Authority
909-993-1509 office
909-664-7738 mobile
gbarron at ieua.org 
 

-----Original Message-----
From: Craig Coker [mailto:craigcoker at cox.net] 
Sent: Monday, July 28, 2008 12:47 PM
To: 'Compost Discussion List'
Subject: Re: [USCC] Biofilter

Gary:

Biofilters can be used to mitigate any type of air emissions that are
amenable to biodegradation.  Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are very
treatable with biofilters.  VOCs are emitted by paint booths, various
industrial sources, wastewater treatment plants and pumping stations,
animal
waste lagoons, and, of course, composting facilities.  I've seen
biofilters
outfitted into 55-gal drums filled with compost to treat paint fumes
from
backyard/garage paint shops.  There are numerous examples of
biofiltration
systems in the literature.

Craig

Craig Coker
Coker Composting & Consulting
3331 Glade Creek Blvd., Ste. 7
Roanoke, VA 24012
Tel.: (540) 904-2698
Fax: (540) 904-6732
Cell: (540) 874-5168
Email: craigcoker at cox.net
Web: www.cokercompost.com
 

-----Original Message-----
From: compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com
[mailto:compost-bounces at mailman.cloudnet.com] On Behalf Of Gary Bright
Sent: Friday, July 25, 2008 5:44 PM
To: compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
Subject: [USCC] Biofilter

I'm exploring different avenues as to what a bilfilter will do for
various
treatments.  Certainly composting and animals odor problems are great
uses
but what about a welding shop, paint shop, etc.   Does anyone have input
on
other uses?   In order to bring popularity of something that will help
the
composting industry such as the use of biofilters, it seems only
appropriate
that if other uses can be implemented it would become cost effective to
pursue developing more biofilters for many uses which in turn makes it
affordable for all.   Gary..Michigan

_______________________________________
Join us at the US Composting Council's 17th Annual Conference & Trade
Show
January 26-29th, 2009 at the Westin Galleria in Houston, TX.
The National forum for those involved in the development and expansion
of
the composting and organics recycling industry.
Conference Highlights, Registration forms, Exhibitor information and
Sponsorship Opportunities available at the USCC website:
www.compostingcouncil.org or call the USCC at 631.737.4931 
________________________________________________________________________
____
__
Compost maillist - compost at mailman.cloudnet.com
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost
_______________________________________
This list is a service provided by the US Composting Council (USCC).
(c) Copyright 2004 United States Composting Council - All rights
reserved

Opinions expressed do not necessarily represent the USCC, the
Foundation, or
the Board of Directors.

Non-members of USCC are encouraged to join the Council through its
website
at: http://www.compostingcouncil.org/membership.cfm

Members posting CC copies to the list and other addresses may have their
posting privileges suspended. For discussion list policies and
information
regarding subscribing, unsubscribing, digest or other options, go to:
http://mailman.cloudnet.com/mailman/listinfo/compost

For additional help in unsubcribing or to report bugs and problems, send
a
message to the List Manager at compostlistmanager at compostingcouncil.org